Energy Storage Application of Power Lithium Battery for Electric

Electric vehicle lithium battery energy storage applications can be divided into before and after the use of two parts, the early part refers to the electric vehicle lithium battery scrap before the application of the latter part of the lithium battery refers to the electric vehicle after the end of the energy storage applications, Which is currently promoted by the echelon use.

From the storage side, the electric car from its inception, it has become a natural part of energy storage applications. The use of electric vehicles can be counted from the time of the birth of the car, has been 100 years, due to battery reasons, the exercise can not meet the needs of people, can not compete with fuel vehicles. 

Until recently, lithium batteries have been applied to electric vehicles, only to make electric vehicles back to the automotive market, Tesla electric vehicles were optimized design, the use of high-performance 18650 battery to make a charge driving range of 500 km breakthrough, electric The superior acceleration performance of the car and the comfortable driving experience have enhanced the confidence of electric vehicles. 

With the electric car production and sales into the rapid growth of geometric progression, electric vehicle lithium battery echelon applications and disposal of waste has become an urgent problem to be solved.

 

Energy storage applications generally refers to the energy, water, air, energy and other energy to the first deposit, and then in the appropriate time out for the application. Solar powered portable generator is a kind of energy storage situation. Electric vehicle as a consumer of electricity, it is different from other power supplies, a lamp when it is directly converted into electricity bright, a motor when it is directly converted into power, an electric furnace when it is directly converted to heat electricity, air conditioning to use electricity into air-conditioning. 

Electric vehicle electric first when there is electricity in the lithium battery, the exercise on the road when the power into power. This is what we call the electric vehicle energy storage applications in the evening when the grid trough charging during the day on the road to exercise, which is an ideal way, many times will choose to charge when the peak, and then on the road exercise. 

When many types of electric vehicles to re-use when the charge, the charging time will have a serious uncertainty. Which is the grid of energy storage applications are expected to have a great gap. Our efforts to promote the chemical energy storage battery applications, the majority refers to the power grid in the trough, the charge, the peak power in the electricity to the grid when the reverse, or directly to the power to the user. Many countries in the world to develop chemical energy storage technology is such an objective.

The rapid development of electric vehicles, a strong impetus to the development of lithium battery industry, such as lifepo4 battery pack, lithium battery energy density than in 2010 has been greatly improved, a charge driving range is also increasing year by year, more than 300 km of electric vehicles more and more . 

Now many new energy automotive business commitment to the consumer battery life and warranty up to 10 years, but if taking into account the comprehensive use of the environment, the average life expectancy of the battery will be less than 10 years, the normal lithium battery electric vehicles Life is generally based on the nominal capacity of 80% as a standard, less than the number of lithium batteries are not used in the car. In actual use, less than 80% of the nominal capacity of the lithium battery can also use a lot of normal cycle times, which makes the EV lithium battery in retirement, still can play a role in energy storage applications.

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The Echelon Utilization of Power Lithium Battery for Electric

Theoretically, the electric car lithium battery scrapped, the capacity of less than 80% of the nominal capacity can be re-use or echelon use, they can also be in accordance with the battery capacity, and be used in energy storage projects or related power supply base station As well as street lamps, low-speed electric car body, and finally into the recycling system. The energy storage project most comes from solar energy, it is benefit for solar powered portable generator.

In fact, although the energy storage projects on the single battery density requirements are not as high as the power battery, but a large-scale storage battery energy storage projects, usually up to 100 kilowatts or even megawatts, and a new energy vehicles battery Capacity is generally 10 to 50kwh, the maximum is 100kwh, if you want to power batteries for energy storage, no doubt requires a large number of battery pack, which makes the entire energy storage battery blocks are faced with the difficulties of consistent management, which will affect the whole block The use of energy storage battery projects. 

 

Moreover, the lithium battery industry status, due to different car prices in China's battery line, the battery specifications and evaluation requirements of the different batteries, resulting in too many models of the battery, so that excessive dispersion of production, but also For the echelon use more difficult.

Although the late use of electric vehicles lithium battery there are all kinds of problems and difficulties, but the electric vehicle lithium battery recycling and reuse has become a top priority. In accordance with the thirteen five-year plan, by 2020, the domestic production and sales of new energy vehicles will reach 5 million. 

China Automotive Technology and Research Center, according to this forecast, by 2020, China's electric vehicle battery cumulative scrapped volume will reach 12 million -17 million tons of scale. We should establish an effective re-use and recycling mechanism, must not let scrap lithium batteries on our environment cause greater harm.

Lithium battery recycling and re-use, for battery manufacturers should shoulder greater responsibility. Lithium batteries include lifepo4 battery pack. Although the battery manufacturers are now busy expanding capacity, should also be concerned about the recovery of the problem, to study the lithium battery environmental decomposition of the re-use method. 

As the technology is not in place, the current re-use of new energy battery business chain has not been perfect, the industry did not form a closed-loop. Now lead-acid batteries, car repair place can be recycled, garbage sorting sites can also be recycled, and why? Because lead-acid recycling is very easy to produce commercial value - take a screwdriver, the waste battery pried open, drained acid, the most valuable platter removed and resold to make money.

Lithium battery why not recycle? Relevant professionals believe that lithium battery recycling process is too complex, directly from the waste lithium battery cathode materials, cathode materials, electrolytes, diaphragms and other high value-added intermediate commercialization is very difficult. 

Combined with different manufacturers of lithium battery materials and formulations are not the same, to complete the recovery is not easy. So the battery manufacturers to recover scrap lithium battery is justified, Tesla's own recycling of lithium batteries have a set of treatment methods, does not involve high energy consumption of smelting, can achieve more than 70% of the material re-use, only some of the remaining carbon dioxide, Water and dust, does not contain any other pollutants. This approach is worthy of our reference.

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New Materials Replace Platinum For Solar Power Batteries

cientists at the University of Michigan have announced that they have developed a low-cost cathode material for inverter solar power generator systems that can replace the precious metal platinum previously required for the production of dye-sensitized solar power batteries. Related research online published in the scientific journal "Applied Chemistry (International Edition)" on. Dye-sensitized solar cells have the characteristics of good stability, high theoretical efficiency, simple process and environmentally friendly production process, and are considered as one of the most promising new solar power batteries technologies. Flexible solar cell based on it is good for flexibility, light weight, easy to produce large area, it is a hot spot in recent years. But in large-scale promotion and application of the technology before there are many obstacles need to clear. Precious metal platinum is one of them. Although platinum in the dye-sensitized solar power batteries PV module wiring patented in the manufacture of small amount, but its price of $ 1,500 an ounce or to a certain extent, pushed up the price of the final product for large-scale promotion of increased difficulty.

To this end, responsible for the study of the University of Michigan Institute of Materials and Engineering, Professor team, specializing in the development of a new stuff can substitute platinum, the researchers call it honeycomb 3D graphene. To create this unique structure of the graphene material, Hu Yunhang team to lithium oxide and carbon monoxide chemical reaction, resulting in a lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) and honeycomb graphene mixture. Then, the lithium carbonate particles in the entire structure are removed with an acid, leaving the honeycomb-like graphene. The researchers found that the honeycomb 3D graphene has excellent electrical conductivity, high catalytic activity, in the energy storage and conversion potential. In order to confirm the conjecture, they will dye-sensitized solar cells in the platinum electrodes replaced by honeycomb 3D graphene electrodes. Under the same sunshine conditions measured results show that the use of new materials, solar cell photoelectric conversion efficiency of 7.8%, and the use of platinum in general dye-sensitized solar power batteries 8% is very close.

Solar ventilation system uses solar panels installed in the roof of the battery to absorb solar energy, driving the vehicle ventilation system to reduce the temperature inside the car. At the same time, the world's first intelligent remote control remote control air-conditioning system also appears in the Prius configuration on a single, driving the solar energy system, solar panels, solar panels, solar panels, solar panels, solar panels, Passengers can enter the vehicle before opening the car air conditioning, in advance to create a low threshold of the PV module company cool space.

The world's first, convenient and practical touch tracking display, the driver can set the steering wheel on the air-conditioning, sound and other pressure-sensitive touch button operation displayed on the central display, not only to facilitate quick view of the relevant driving information, But also help to reduce the line of sight when driving the transfer, improve traffic safety. In fact, this design is derived from the Prius environmental philosophy: solar power batteries consumption in the configuration and energy consumption will rely on oil to a minimum.

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ICFO Developed An Upgraded Version Of Organic Solar Power Generator

Building windows allow the sun to come in, while also storing solar energy, which will be what kind of scene? This looks like a small on grid inverter 5kw, said the window into a solar cell for solar power generator, to help us relieve dependence on fossil fuels and to promote the environment toward the green, clean direction. In a recent study, the researchers created a highly transparent, upgraded version of the organic solar cell, which marks the beginning of renewable energy technology to a reasonable price, clean, widely used, but also a new generation of high-power inverter package A step forward.

Today's commercial solar panels are mostly made of polycrystalline silicon solar power batteries, which have the advantage of high solar power conversion efficiency (about 15% of stainless steel photovoltaic pump factory), but there are several problems, it can not fully realize the potential value. First of all, it only absorbs direct sunlight, the absorption of diffuse light is limited; Secondly, the battery bulky, opaque and very heavy, less flexible. Although organic solar battery technology has been available for 30 years, it is not until today that people are paying attention to the technology because it can reduce production costs. Although the conversion efficiency of organic batteries is not as good as that of polycrystalline silicon cells, these organic solar cells are more compact and flexible (able to adapt to curved surfaces) and are sensitive to low and non-direct light, making it the most attractive photovoltaic Technology. In addition, it can be used as a translucent device, such as glass windows, so particularly interesting.

Similar to other solar power generator technologies, only the opaque devices, organic photovoltaic can achieve the most efficient power conversion. In order to make these cells transparent, the thickness of the metal back electrode must be reduced to a few nanometers, so that the ability of the device to absorb sunlight will be greatly reduced. ICFO researchers have been able to integrate a translucent cell into a photonic crystal to ensure that its power conversion efficiency is the same as for opaque battery devices. Addition of additional photonic crystals to the battery, can enhance the battery's absorption of infrared and ultraviolet light, reaching 56%. At the same time, a battery such as a glass plate is ensured to be transparent. Efficiency and transparency of the combination, so that these cells become a building integrated photovoltaic technology leader. In order to allow the battery and the natural appearance of the building integration, the color of the battery must be adjusted, and the adjustment method is simply to change the configuration of the photonic crystal layer.

In order to achieve the cheap application of solar powered portable generator, scientists and engineers are actively looking for a low-cost production technology, flexible thin integrated solar street light program solar cells show great potential. Because they only need a small amount of material, through the volume to volume processing can be mass production. And second only to the market share of silicon-based solar cell cadmium telluride thin film solar power batteries, the current production cost is the most inexpensive.

However, these covered solar power batteries often require a transparent scaffold that allows daylight to pass through and reach the cadmium telluride light collection layer, which also limits the selectivity of the media to the transparent material. Today, the use of flexible foil foil metal foil as a stent material, but the metal foil substrate cadmium telluride battery performance is poor, the use of less than 8% efficiency. In order to improve the conversion efficiency of cadmium telluride batteries, the Swiss Federal Institute of Materials Science and Technology (EMPA) Optoelectronic thin photovoltaic panels Optimum angle of the cornea laboratory researchers decided to try in high vacuum evaporation to the cadmium telluride layer, while the follow-up The heat treatment will penetrate copper atoms into cadmium telluride. They quickly realized that the amount of copper must be carefully controlled and that the conversion efficiency of cadmium telluride cells would not be much improved if used too little or too much. However, when the amount of Cu evaporation is properly adjusted and stored, a single atomic layer of copper is attached to the CdTe surface, the electron properties are significantly improved and the efficiency is increased to more than 12%.

Now, the flexible metal foil cadmium telluride solar power batteries are still somewhat higher than the maximum efficiency developed in 2011, polyimide foil solar cells. Next, they will focus on reducing the thickness of the window layer above cadmium telluride so that more sunlight is collected in the cadmium telluride layer to improve efficiency, said Stephan EMPA, chair of the lab.

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UNSW LED A Number Of Asian Bbattery Manufacturers To Develop Hydrogen Passivation Process

Professor Wenham was interviewed by PV Tech's daily PV journalist at last week's European PVSEC in Paris. He said a number of major lifepo4 batteries  manufacturers in China, Taiwan, Korea and Singapore will work with UNSW to conduct hydrogen passivation research and equipment retrofits that will help improve the quality of silicon wafers and possibly To ensure low cost under the premise of improving the efficiency of the lifepo4 batteries. UNSW's research on this technology has been going on for several years, and we have been able to show our technology to manufacturers very simply. He said that these manufacturers are very interested in our show and hope to co-sponsor UNS Solar Street Light Order Contract W to carry out research and development, and in the industrialization process of cooperation.

Photovoltaic panel bracket installation

Different from previous cooperation or patent licensing, Professor Wenham said: (hydrogen passivation process) is not a whole battery design, it is only a process to improve the quality of silicon, it seems this process can be with all battery manufacturers Production process compatible. Therefore, in our display to the manufacturers, regardless of what kind of lifepo4 batteries technology they use, no matter what kind of silicon they use, we can effectively improve the quality of its silicon.

Hydrogen passivation process

Professor Wenham said that although the photovoltaic industry are more or less understanding of hydrogen passivation technology, but the UNSW research shows that the previous understanding of hydrogen blunt flower how shallow. This technology is likely to increase the lifepo4 battery pack performance without increasing the cost of the premise. At present, our focus is mainly on how to control the amount of hydrogen in the silicon charge, if we can control it, you can greatly improve the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in the silicon material, improve the hydrogen passivation defects or other composite center efficiency . So any use of silicon-based battery manufacturers can theoretically use a very low cost to use this technology.

Cooperative research and development

At present, about lifepo4 battery pack manufacturers have signed this cooperative R & D project, which is similar to the joint venture R & D cooperation model is common in the semiconductor industry, but in the photovoltaic industry has not been popular, but Professor Wenham also pointed out that participating in the project Not only Asian battery manufacturers, equipment manufacturers in Europe including Meyerberg and Schmid donated part of the equipment for the project, and the hydrogen passivation process for transformation. Professor Wenham said the final equipment manufacturers will launch specifically designed for hydrogen passivation of commercial equipment.

This kind of research and development cooperation can let you invest every penny has a better return. I estimate that each company may actually spend only 5% of the total R & D costs, in addition to about 10 companies, the Australian Renewable Energy Agency ARENA will provide the remaining part of the R & D costs. Lifepo4 battery pack manufacturers may be more interested in such cooperation in the current difficult times of the industry. However, although the basic process of battery manufacturing is similar, but each manufacturer due to different lifepo4 battery design or will get different efficiency.

Schedule

Unlike traditional university-led next-generation battery technology R & D projects, the commercialization of hydrogen passivation will be more rapid. We expect this technology can be integrated almost immediately into the existing lifepo4 battery production line. But I think that if we want to explore the full potential of hydrogen passivation, we also need to find a revolutionary partner with the battery design, we believe that partners will certainly be able to benefit from the technology to improve battery performance. Professor Wenham concludes.

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New Solar Charger Made Of Folding Pavilion

SDA designed solar powered portable generator, a change in people's minds of solar panels shabby, rigid impression, called exquisite and practical solar art sculpture. The whole design is based on science fiction fashion, tight carbon fiber rods from the dynamic framework, covered with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) mesh film, forming a large area of ??solar photovoltaic panels. The digitally designed mesh fabric bends the support bar into a continuous, curved surface that is shaped like an elegant, translucent blue solar PV board installation manual.

The SDA solution is the most successful and original of more than 150 entries from around the world, embodying the visual impact, high quality, architecture, materials and functionality of the technology, according to the China Solar Panel Board. The perfect combination of progress. Clever ideas also include mobility flexibility and sustainable use. SDA design results delivered to the scene when fully folded into a small tent bag, assembled after a 7 m wide, 3-meter-high solar pavilion, looking at the back of the PV board to surface smooth continuous damage, no tradition Of the assembly assembly traces. "It's easy to deploy, easy to disassemble, and easy to move," says Professor Huang.

Solar pavilion is actually a charger, but the ingenious design, photovoltaic panels are embedded, the charging cable is implicit, it does not reveal sensual, quietly work. The use of lightweight, high-tech materials makes it cost-effective in manufacturing, transport and assembly. Moving without trucks or other equipment, installation does not require a professional team. It will be on September 15 of the Rome Motor Show for the Volvo V60 plug-in hybrids. Another view of experts is that if lightweight charging equipment proved to be practical and efficient, the owner is likely to accept such a way: parking, scaffolding, the sun, charging, and some production of traditional car charging accessories, small companies May be in trouble. Experts also praised the solar pavilion is expected to "PV housing" open ideas.

In today's highly developed information technology, people's travel has been inseparable from the electronic equipment, mobile phones, Tablet PC manufacturers such as solar street lighting is almost necessary to go out, but the way suddenly no power problems annoy the majority of users, portable electronic devices Continued power problems are increasingly concerned about solar street lamps Note. It is reported that not long ago, the United States Ubiquitious Energy company developed a facade such as electronic equipment foil solar power batteries, portable devices will make charging more convenient.

Most of the solar energy collection equipment is to absorb solar energy in the visible light, making the visual effects can not be completely transparent. But this film, such as solar power batteries by the layers of organic layers, it can absorb ultraviolet and infrared and other non-visible light and converted into electrical energy, while allowing visible light through the solar power battery, allowing users to use the solar power batteries at the same time to the normal use of Tablet PC . It is understood that, at present, this solar battery is still in the development and research and development stage, Ubiquitious Energy company said the product will be further improvement, and then consider listing.

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More Cost-Effective For Solar Power

German solar energy (14.93 + 2.54%, bought) and hydrogen energy research center, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and IMEC scientists team, made of perovskite and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) thin film solar PV module stack , Conversion efficiency as high as 17.8%, set the world record. The conversion efficiency of the perovskite / CIGS multi-junction solar module is expected to exceed 25% in the coming years. This technology combines the advantages of two very advanced thin-film technology in the future to provide customers with more cost-effective solar power.

With the green transformation of energy forward, the development of solar energy and other clean energy will become a general trend. China's scientists have developed a record of a large area of high efficiency perovskite solar cells, China's first CIGS thin film solar energy industry, technological innovation strategic alliance was established to promote China's thin film solar energy industry. With the promotion of clean energy, thin-film solar energy will have broad prospects for development, can be applied to mobile power plants, photovoltaic construction, wearable equipment, new energy vehicles, smart city and so on. The field of solar powered portable generator energy related to technological breakthroughs in the development of industrialization or the ensuing wave.

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